| 1996—2022年苏州河大型底栖动物群落演变及对水质的响应特征 |
| Succession of Macrozoobenthos Community in Suzhou River in 1996-2022 and Its Response Characteristics to Water Quality |
| 投稿时间：2024-04-09 修订日期：2024-05-27 |
| DOI：10.19316/j.issn.1002-6002.2025.04.15 |
| 中文关键词: 底栖动物 群落结构 苏州河 演变 水质响应 |
| 英文关键词:macrozoobenthos community structure Suzhou River succession water quality response |
| 基金项目:上海市科研计划项目(21DZ1202502) |
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| 通讯作者:吴阿娜* 上海市环境监测中心, 上海 200235 |
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| 中文摘要: |
| 苏州河是上海典型城市型河流,经历了漫长的水环境污染阶段。近年来对于苏州河水质恢复规律的研究逐渐深入,然而对其水生生物群落演变的认识尚未透彻。基于1996—2022年长期监测数据,探索苏州河底栖动物群落的演变规律。苏州河共记录底栖动物91种,历年记录物种数在4~35种之间变化,栖息密度在2.1×102~4.6×104个/m2之间变化,且均表现为上下游之间差异显著(P＜0.05)。对照水质阶段,底栖动物群落分布表现出明显的阶段性特征。Goodnight修正指数(GBI)分析结果显示,苏州河重污染断面占比由第一阶段的62.5%下降至第三阶段的16.3%。结合相对重要性指数和丰度/生物量比较(ABC)曲线发现,苏州河优势种在第一阶段以高耐污性、小个体的寡毛类为主,如霍甫水丝蚓(Limnodrilus hoffmeisteri)和苏氏尾鳃蚓(Branchiura sowerbyi)等,到第三阶段逐渐出现了个体较大、适应稳定环境条件的物种。典范对应分析(CCA)和生物-环境(BIOENV)分析结果表明,水体溶解氧、高锰酸盐指数、总磷和氨氮等指标是影响苏州河底栖动物群落变化的主要因素,其中霍甫水丝蚓等耐污性强的类群主要与总磷含量呈现正相关,而湖沼股蛤(Limnoperna lacustris)等耐污性相对较差的类群主要受到水体溶解氧含量的影响。除水质指标外,物理生境、沉积物等环境因素的影响尚有待进一步研究。 |
| 英文摘要: |
| As a typical urban river in Shanghai,Suzhou River experienced a long period of water environmental pollution.In recent years,research on water quality restoration patterns in Suzhou River has intensified,yet understanding of aquatic biological communities succession remains unclear.Long-term monitoring data from 1996 to 2022 were used to explore successional dynamics of the macrozoobenthos community in Suzhou River.The study recorded a total of 91 taxa in Suzhou River,with species richness varying between 4 and 35 species over the years and habitat densities ranging from 2.06×102 to 4.6×104 ind./m2,showing significant differences between upstream and downstream sections (P＜0.05).When cross-referenced with water quality stages,the macrobenthic communities exhibited distinct stage characteristics.The goodnight biotic index (GBI) index indicated that the proportion of heavily polluted sections in Suzhou River decreased from 62.5% in the first stage to 16.3% in the third stage.Combining the relative importance index and abundance-biomass comparison (ABC) curve,it was found that the dominant species in Suzhou River were composed of oligochaetes with high pollution resistance and small individuals in the first stage,such as Limnodrilus hoffmeisteri and Branchiura sowerbyi,etc.,and in the third stage,species with larger individuals and adapted to stable environmental conditions gradually appeared.Canonical correspondence analysis (CCA) and biological-environmental (BIOENV) analysis results showed that indicators such as water dissolved oxygen,permanganate index,total phosphorus and ammonia nitrogen were the main factors affecting the succession of macrozoobenthos community in Suzhou River.Taxa with strong pollution resistance such as Limnodrilus hoffmeisteri were mainly positively correlated with total phosphorus content,while taxa with relatively poor pollution resistance such as Limnoperna lacustris were mainly affected by dissolved oxygen.In addition to water quality indicators,further study are needed to explain the impact of environmental factors such as physical habitat and sediments. |
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