| 美国火电CO2排放连续监测的发展应用及启示 |
| The Development,Application and Insights of Continuous Monitoring Technology for CO2 Emissions from Thermal Power Plants in the United States |
| 投稿时间：2024-05-08 修订日期：2024-09-19 |
| DOI：10.19316/j.issn.1002-6002.2025.04.02 |
| 中文关键词: 美国 火电 CO2 连续排放监测系统(CEMS) |
| 英文关键词:United States thermal power CO2 continuous emission monitoring system (CEMS) |
| 基金项目: |
|
| 通讯作者:赵良* 中国华能集团有限公司能源研究院, 北京 100031 |
| 摘要点击次数: 502 |
| 全文下载次数: 651 |
| 中文摘要: |
| 为了推动我国火电CO2排放连续监测技术的发展应用,系统研究了美国火电CO2排放连续监测技术的发展应用状况,并对我国火电CO2排放连续监测的现状及存在的问题进行了深入分析,提出了推进我国火电CO2排放连续监测技术发展的工作建议。研究表明,美国主管部门及行业协会制定了详细的法规标准,为连续排放监测系统(CEMS)的行业应用提供了制度依据;美国国家级科研机构针对CEMS应用开展了深入研究,发挥了重要的研发支撑作用。目前,美国火电行业已大量采用CEMS监测CO2排放,对应机组数量占火电机组总量的比重约为15%,监测所得CO2排放量占火电行业CO2排放总量的58%。其中,煤电机组主要采用CEMS监测CO2排放,气电及油电机组主要使用核算法核算CO2排放。CEMS测量准确度较高,所得烟气流量和CO2浓度的相对准确度中位数约为2%。当前,我国火电CO2排放连续监测整体上仍处于初始发展阶段,面临制度尚不完善、测量准确性有待提升、试验研究论证不足、数据质量评价体系不健全等问题。对此,借鉴美国经验,从制度建设、研发支撑、研究方向、研究方法等方面,提出加快完善配套法规标准、发挥国家级科研机构支撑作用、加强烟气流量测量技术及准确度评价方法研究、重视试验研究论证等4项建议。 |
| 英文摘要: |
| To promote the development and application of continuous CO2 emission monitoring technologies for thermal power in China,this study systematically investigated U.S.practices while conducting an in-depth analysis of current situation and existing problems in continuous CO2 emission monitoring for thermal power in China,ultimately proposed work recommendations to advance the development of this technology in China. The research shows that U.S. regulatory authorities and industry associations have established detailed regulatory standards,providing an institutional basis for the industry application of Continuous Emission Monitoring Systems (CEMS). National research institutions in the U.S. have carried out in-depth research on CEMS applications,playing a significant role in research and development support. Currently,CEMS has been widely adopted for CO2 emission monitoring in U.S. thermal power plants,with the number of corresponding units accounting for approximately 15% of the total thermal power units,and the monitored CO2 emissions accounting for 58% of the total CO2 emissions in the thermal power industry. Coal-fired units mainly use CEMS for CO2 emission monitoring,while gas-fired and oil-fired units primarily use the accounting method to calculate CO2 emissions. CEMS offers high measurement accuracy,with the median relative accuracy of flue gas flow and CO2 concentration being approximately 2%. In contrast,the continuous monitoring of CO2 emissions from thermal power in China is still overall in the initial development stage,facing challenges such as incomplete institutional frameworks,measurement accuracy limitations,insufficient experimental research and verification,and an unsound data quality evaluation system. In response,drawing on U.S. experience,four recommendations were proposed from the aspects of institutional construction,research and development support,research directions,and research methods: accelerating the improvement of supporting regulatory standards,leveraging the supporting role of national research institutions,strengthening research on flue gas flow measurement technology and accuracy evaluation methods,and attaching importance to experimental research and verification. |
| 查看全文 查看/发表评论 下载PDF阅读器 |
|
|
|
