温室气体观测站选址分析及气候代表性研究——以安徽寿县站为例

作者	单位
沈玉亮	安徽省大气探测技术保障中心, 安徽合肥 230031
王泽华	铜陵市气象局, 安徽铜陵 244061
张昊	安徽省大气探测技术保障中心, 安徽合肥 230031 界首市气象局, 安徽阜阳 236500
杨关盈*	安徽省气象科学研究所, 安徽合肥 230031
燕少威	寿县国家气候观象台, 中国气象局淮河流域典型农田生态气象野外科学试验基地, 安徽淮南 232200

通讯作者:杨关盈* 安徽省气象科学研究所, 安徽合肥 230031

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中文摘要:

以寿县温室气体观测站(以下简称寿县站)选址为例,利用多源资料,从拟选站址的探测环境稳定性、气候代表性、区域代表性等方面开展分析,为温室气体观测站选址提供依据。结果表明:寿县站拟选站址年平均气温、年平均气压、年平均相对湿度和年日照时数的变化不明显,说明拟选站址周边探测环境稳定,具有较好的区域代表性;年极端气温、年极端气压和年极端降水量的变化显著,反映出拟选站址具有典型的江淮内陆区域气候特征,其温室气体观测结果可反映典型江淮区域下垫面温室气体变化特征,具有较好的气候代表性。寿县站拟选站址500 m高度气流轨迹在春季和夏季主要为偏东轨迹,在秋季主要为偏北和东北轨迹,在冬季基本为偏北轨迹,气流输送以近距离输送为主。气流轨迹分析结果表明,寿县站拟选站址温室气体观测结果可反映较大区域范围的温室气体变化特征。1 500 m高度各季节气流轨迹分布形势与500 m高度相似,但随着高度的上升,气流轨迹整体更长,气流输送范围更大,表明在拟选站址,随着观测高度的增高,观测结果所能代表的区域的范围更大。寿县站拟选站址年平均风速整体不大,春季相对较大;1月(冬季)东东北风(ENE)出现频率最高,4月(春季)东南风(SE)出现频率最高,7月(夏季)南东南风(SSE)出现频率最高,10月(秋季)东北风(NE)出现频率最高。拟选站址上风向和侧风向无明显的区域性温室气体排放源,符合温室气体观测站选址应避开局地污染源的要求。可见,科学合理的选址策略能够确保观测站位于气象条件稳定、具有代表性的区域,从而提高温室气体观测数据的准确性和可靠性,为气候变化和环境保护研究提供有力的数据支撑。

英文摘要:

Taking the site selection of the Shouxian Greenhouse Gas (GHG) Observatory (hereinafter referred to as the Shouxian station) as an example,this study utilized multi-source data to analyze the stability of the detection environment,climate representativeness,and regional representativeness of the proposed site to provide a basis for the selection of the greenhouse gas observatory site.The results show that the average annual temperature,average annual air pressure,average annual relative humidity and annual sunshine hours at the proposed Shouxian station site do not change significantly,indicating a stable surrounding detection environment and good regional representativeness of the proposed station site.The significant changes in annual extreme temperature,annual extreme pressure and annual extreme precipitation reflect that the proposed site has the typical climatic characteristics of the Jianghuai inland region,and the GHG observation results at the proposed station site can represent the characteristics of the typical Jianghuai region downwelling surface,demonstrating good climate representation.The airflow trajectories of the proposed Shouxian station at the height of 500 m are mainly easterly in spring and summer,northerly and northeasterly in autumn,and basically northerly in winter,with transport mainly occurring over short distances.These trajectory results suggest that greenhouse gas observations at the proposed site can reflect changes over a relatively large regional area.The distribution of airflow trajectories in each season at 1500 m height is similar to that at 500 m.However,as height increases,the trajectories generally become longer and the airflow transport range is larger,indicating that the proposed station is more representative of the observation area with the increase in height.The annual average wind speed at the proposed Shouxian station is generally low,with relatively higher speeds in spring.The most frequent wind direction is East-Northeast (ENE) in January (winter),Southeast (SE) in April (spring),South-Southeast (SSE) in July (summer),and Northeast (NE) in October (autumn).There are no obvious regional GHG emission source located upwind or crosswind from the proposed station,which is in line with the requirement that the GHG siting should avoid local pollution sources.It can be seen that a scientific and reasonable site selection strategy can ensure that the observatory site is located in a representative area with stable meteorological conditions.This enhances the accuracy and reliability of the GHG observation data,providing strong data support for research on climate change and environmental monitoring.

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