| 环境氨气被动采样法的适用性研究及在城市观测中的应用 |
| Study on the Applicability of Passive Sampling Method for Ambient Ammonia and Its Application in Urban Observation |
| 投稿时间：2023-05-26 修订日期：2024-07-08 |
| DOI：10.19316/j.issn.1002-6002.2024.06.18 |
| 中文关键词: NH3 被动采样法 适用性 城市观测 |
| 英文关键词:NH3 passive sampling method applicability urban observation |
| 基金项目: |
| 作者 | 单位 | | 韩文叶 | 上海第二工业大学资源与环境工程学院, 上海 201209
上海市环境科学研究院, 国家环境保护城市大气复合污染成因与防治重点实验室, 上海 200233 | | 周敏 | 上海市环境科学研究院, 国家环境保护城市大气复合污染成因与防治重点实验室, 上海 200233 | | 冯馨蔚 | 上海市环境科学研究院, 国家环境保护城市大气复合污染成因与防治重点实验室, 上海 200233 | | 梁波 | 上海第二工业大学资源与环境工程学院, 上海 201209 | | 乔利平 | 上海市环境科学研究院, 国家环境保护城市大气复合污染成因与防治重点实验室, 上海 200233 | | 常运华 | 南京信息工程大学应用气象学院, 耶鲁大学-南京信息工程大学大气环境中心, 江苏 南京 210044 | | 黄丹丹 | 上海市环境科学研究院, 国家环境保护城市大气复合污染成因与防治重点实验室, 上海 200233 | | 朱书慧 | 上海市环境科学研究院, 国家环境保护城市大气复合污染成因与防治重点实验室, 上海 200233 | | 杨帆 | 上海市浦东新区环境监测站, 上海 200135 | | 关杰 | 上海第二工业大学资源与环境工程学院, 上海 201209 | | 黄成 | 上海市环境科学研究院, 国家环境保护城市大气复合污染成因与防治重点实验室, 上海 200233 |
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| 中文摘要: |
| 以环境NH3为观测对象,对ALPHA被动采样法的采样吸附膜制备、样品保存和采样时间开展适用性研究,并与主动采样方法进行了对比验证,在此基础上进一步在上海市不同功能区开展了实地观测应用研究。结果显示:酸浸渍法制备的吸附膜NH4+含量均值为(0.27±0.13)μg,比未处理吸附膜的NH4+含量高约8%,且可在膜液比(张/mL)为1:4~8:4范围内增加膜的单次浸渍数量以降低制备过程中的溶剂使用量,酸浸渍法的制备流程及不同膜液比处理方式对空白吸附膜的NH4+含量影响不大。当采样温度为20℃,采样时长为168 h时,该被动法测定环境NH3的方法检出限为0.08 μg/m3。密实袋双层密封、4℃冷藏、保存时间小于30 d的保存方式未显著增加空白膜的NH4+含量,适用于空白吸附膜和样品膜的保存。采样时间适用性验证结果表明:城市地区使用ALPHA被动采样法测定环境NH3时,采样时间不少于6 d且至少在30 d内进行连续采样。使用ALPHA被动采样法与主动采样方法观测NH3浓度时,观测结果变化趋势较一致,测量结果吻合良好(相关系数为0.87,斜率为1.16),进一步证明了该研究采用的被动NH3采样方法对环境NH3浓度的测量具有较好的可靠性。实际观测结果显示,2022年上海市夏季环境NH3平均浓度为(10.01±5.22)μg/m3,受2022年夏季极端高温气候影响,NH3浓度水平明显高于已有研究结果。不同功能区的NH3浓度排序为农业区[(13.36±5.24)μg/m3]>工业区[(11.22±5.24)μg/m3]>城区[(10.35±4.39)μg/m3]>生态区[(4.28±2.4)μg/m3],说明虽然与农业活动相关的监测站点NH3浓度高值显著,但城区和工业区的非农业源排放对NH3浓度的影响同样不可忽视。ALPHA被动采样方法能较好地捕捉城市不同功能区的NH3浓度特征,可满足城市环境NH3浓度观测应用,适用性验证及实际应用结果可为区域和城市NH3的精准测量提供参考。 |
| 英文摘要: |
| In this study, the applicability of the ALPHA passive sampling method in terms of sampling adsorption filter preparation,sample preservation,and sampling period was carried out for ambient ammonia observation and compared with the active sampling method for validation,and further field observation application studies were conducted in different functional areas of Shanghai based on the results of the study. The results showed that the NH4+ content of the adsorption filters obtained by the acid immersion method was(0. 27±0. 13) μg,which was about 8% higher than that of the untreated adsorption filters,and the number of single immersions could be increased in the range of 1 ∶ 4-8 ∶ 4 (slice / mL) to reduce the amount of solvent used in the preparation process. The preparation process of the acid immersion method and the different filter-to-liquid ratio treatments had few effects on the NH4+ content of the blank adsorption filter. The method detection limit for this passive method of ambient ammonia determination was 0. 08 μg /m3 when the sampling temperature was 20℃ and the sampling period was 168 h. The preservation method using the double-sealed bag,4 ℃ frozen,and preserving for less than 30 days had not significantly increased the NH4+ content of the blank filter,which is suitable for the preservation of blank and sample filters. The applicability verification results of the sampling period showed that the number of the sampling period is recommended to be at least 6 days and at least 30 days for continuous sampling when using ALPHA passive sampling in urban areas to measure ambient ammonia. The observed NH3 concentration trends of the ALPHA passive sampling method and active sampling method were more consistent, and the measurement results were correlated well(correlation coefficient of 0. 87,slope of 1. 16),which further proved that the passive NH3 sampling method used in this study has good reliability for the measurement of ambient ammonia concentration. The actual observation results showed that the average ambient atmospheric NH3 concentration during the summer of 2022 in Shanghai was 10. 01±5. 22 μg /m3,and the NH3 concentration level affected by the extremely high-temperature climate in summer of 2022 was significantly higher than the results of past studies. The NH3 concentrations in different functional areas were ranked as follows: agricultural area (13. 36±5. 24) μg /m3>industrial area (11. 22±5. 24) μg /m3>urban area (10. 35±4. 39) μg /m3>ecological area (4. 28±2. 4) μg /m3, which showed that although the high concentrations of NH3 at the monitoring stations related to agricultural activities were significant,the influence of non-agricultural source emissions on NH3 concentrations in the urban and industrial areas could not be ignored as well. The ALPHA passive sampling method can better capture the characteristics of ammonia concentration in different functional areas of the city, which can meet the application of ammonia concentration observation in urban environment,and the applicability verification and application provide a reference for accurate measurement of NH3 in the regional and urban atmosphere. |
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