| 典型锰矿区河流沉积物重金属分布特征、来源解析及生态风险评价 |
| Distribution Characteristics,Source Analysis and Ecological Risk Assessment of Heavy Metals in Fluvial Sediments of Typical Manganese Ore Areas |
| 投稿时间：2023-05-11 修订日期：2023-12-13 |
| DOI：10.19316/j.issn.1002-6002.2024.04.19 |
| 中文关键词: 锰矿区 重金属 分布特征 生态风险 |
| 英文关键词:manganese ore areas heavy metals distribution characteristics ecological risk |
| 基金项目:重庆市教委科学技术研究项目(KJQN202104501,KJQN202304505) |
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| 中文摘要: |
| 以重庆市溶溪镇典型锰矿区河流沉积物为研究对象,探究了该区域河流沉积物中重金属(Cd、Zn、Cr、Cu、Mn、Ni、Pb和As)的污染特征,评价了其可能产生的生态风险,并解析了这些重金属的来源。监测结果表明,大部分采样点沉积物中的Cd、Zn、Cu、Mn、Ni和As含量超过了重庆土壤背景值和中国土壤元素背景值。春季和冬季沉积物中各重金属的平均含量高于夏季和秋季。单因子污染指数表现为Mn>Zn>As>Ni>Cd>Cu>Pb>Cr,其中Mn表现为极强污染,Zn和As表现为重度污染。地质累积指数表现为Mn>Zn>Cd>As>Ni>Cu>Cr>Pb,其中Mn表现为偏重污染。重金属潜在生态风险评价结果显示,该区域为中等生态风险。其中,仅Cd和Mn分别出现了强和中等生态风险,说明Cd和Mn是造成当地重金属潜在生态风险的主要贡献因子。此外,相关性分析结果和主成分分析结果进一步揭示:Cd、Zn、Cu、Mn和Ni具有相似的污染来源,主要为锰矿开采;Cr和Pb的来源属于自然源;As主要来自农业活动。因此,应对该锰矿区沉积物中Mn、Zn、Cd和As的污染情况予以重视,并加强矿区重金属来源管控和污染防治。同时,应关注其他同类锰矿区沉积物中重金属的污染情况,并采取相应的污染治理策略。该研究结果可为锰矿区重金属污染治理提供参考。 |
| 英文摘要: |
| Taking the river sediments of a representative manganese mining area in Rongxi Town,Chongqing,as the study subject, the contamination characteristics of heavy metals (Cd, Zn, Cr, Cu, Mn, Ni, Pb and As) in the sediments in this area were investigated,the potential ecological risks were evaluated, and the origins of these heavy metals were analyzed. The detection results revealed that the contents of Cd, Zn, Cu, Mn, Ni and As in the sediments of most of the sampling sites surpassed the background values for Chongqing soils and the background values for soil elements in China. The average content of each heavy metal in the sediments in spring and winter was higher than that in summer and fall. The single-factor pollution index values showed that Mn>Zn> As>Ni>Cd>Cu>Pb>Cr,with Mn displaying extremely severe pollution and Zn and As presenting heavy pollution. The value of geoaccumulation index exhibited Mn>Zn>Cd>As>Ni>Cu>Cr>Pb,of which Mn displayed heavy pollution. Meanwhile,the results of the potential ecological risk of heavy metals indicated a moderate ecological risk in this region,in which only the heavy metals Cd and Mn appeared as strong and moderate ecological risks,respectively,suggesting that Cd and Mn in sediments in the region are the main sources of local ecological risks. Furthermore, the findings of correlation and principal component analysis further revealed that Cd,Zn,Cu,Mn and Ni in the sediments have similar origins of pollution,mainly from manganese mining;the origins of Cr and Pb belong to natural sources;and As mainly comes from agricultural activities. Therefore, attention should be paid to the pollution of Mn,Zn,Cd and As in the sediments of this manganese mining area,and the source control and pollution prevention of heavy metals in the mining area should be emphasized. Simultaneously,efforts should be made to focus on the heavy metal pollution in the sediments of other similar manganese mining areas and to adopt corresponding pollution control strategies. The findings of this research can offer a reference for heavy metal pollution management in manganese mining areas. |
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