2012—2021年广州市八大湖泊水环境变化趋势分析

作者	单位
王丽萍	广东省广州生态环境监测中心站, 广东广州 511400
解常鑫	中国水产科学研究院珠江水产研究所, 广东广州 510380
李丹丹	广东省广州生态环境监测中心站, 广东广州 511400
刘乾甫	中国水产科学研究院珠江水产研究所, 广东广州 510380
王超*	中国水产科学研究院珠江水产研究所, 广东广州 510380

通讯作者:王超* 中国水产科学研究院珠江水产研究所, 广东广州 510380

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中文摘要:

以广州市主要城市湖泊(白云湖、东山湖、荔湾湖、南湖、晓港湖、麓湖、流花湖、海珠湖)为研究对象,探究了2012—2021年各湖泊环境因子和综合富营养化指数的变化趋势,并运用自组织映射(SOM)分析方法对八大湖泊进行了聚类。结果表明,2012—2021年,八大湖泊水体在pH、溶解氧、氨氮、总氮、总磷、化学需氧量和综合富营养化指数等方面均发生了不同程度的变化。通过比较八大湖泊不同季节的综合富营养化指数发现,3个湖泊处于中营养与重度富营养水平之间,其余5个湖泊均处于中营养与富营养水平之间。同时,基于SOM分析方法,八大湖泊可聚类为5个类群,且5个类群的综合富营养化指数呈现显著性差异。此外,将广州市八大人工湖与其他城市湖泊进行对比,结果表明,东山湖和晓港湖水质较好,处于中营养水平。研究结果可为广州市湖泊环境治理和污染防控提供参考。

英文摘要:

The eight major urban lakes in Guangzhou (Baiyun Lake,Dongshan Lake,Liwan Lake,Nan Lake,Xiaogang Lake,Lu Lake,Liuhua Lake,and Haizhu Lake) were investigated to explore the trends of the environmental factors and trophic condition indexes of the lakes from 2012 to 2021,and the eight lakes were clustered by using the self-organized mapping (SOM) analysis. The results showed that there were different degrees of changes in pH,dissolved oxygen,ammonia nitrogen,total nitrogen,total phosphorus,chemical oxygen demand,and trophic condition index in the eight lakes from 2012 to 2021. Compared the trophic condition index of the eight lakes in different seasons, it was found that three lakes were between mesotrophic and severe eutrophication levels, and the remaining five lakes were between mesotrophic and eutrophication levels. SOM analysis result showed the eight lakes were clustered into five groups and the trophic condition index of the five groups showed significant differences. In addition,the eight artificial lakes in Guangzhou were compared with other urban lakes,and the results showed that the water quality of Dongshan Lake and Xiaogang Lake was better and at mesotrophic level. The results of the study can provide a reference for the environmental management and pollution prevention and control of lakes in Guangzhou City.

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