| 中国水泥行业2011—2022年二氧化碳和大气污染物排放分析 |
| Analysis on the Emissions of Carbon Dioxide and Air Pollutants in China’s Cement Industry from 2011 to 2022 |
| 投稿时间：2023-07-25 修订日期：2023-12-28 |
| DOI：10.19316/j.issn.1002-6002.2024.02.02 |
| 中文关键词: 碳排放 水泥行业 减污降碳 综合能耗 |
| 英文关键词:carbon emission cement industry carbon reduction comprehensive energy consumption |
| 基金项目: |
| 作者 | 单位 | | 王鑫 | 中国环境监测总站, 国家环境保护环境监测质量控制重点实验室, 北京 100012 | | 李玉华* | 山东省生态环境监测中心, 山东 济南 250101 | | 何立环 | 中国环境监测总站, 国家环境保护环境监测质量控制重点实验室, 北京 100012 | | 张震 | 中国环境监测总站, 国家环境保护环境监测质量控制重点实验室, 北京 100012 | | 王桂勋 | 山东省生态环境监测中心, 山东 济南 250101 | | 金玲仁 | 山东省生态环境监测中心, 山东 济南 250101 | | 贾曼 | 山东省生态环境监测中心, 山东 济南 250101 |
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| 通讯作者:李玉华* 山东省生态环境监测中心, 山东 济南 250101 |
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| 中文摘要: |
| 2011—2021年,熟料产量呈波动上升趋势。水泥行业整体生产运行水平不断提高,熟料单条生产线平均规模由43.8万t/条提升至115.3万t/条,熟料单位产品综合能耗下降14.4%,熟料单位产品CO2排放强度下降6.3%,但CO2排放总量增加了13.8%,与氮氧化物减排趋势形成较大反差,碳污治理水平差距明显。熟料生产中石灰石分解和煤炭燃烧过程的CO2排放合计占比为92.9%~93.8%,是CO2排放的主要来源。由于熟料系数偏高、非碳酸盐原料替代不足、综合能耗仍然较高等原因,安徽等7个熟料产量大的省份的CO2排放强度高于全国。建议实行碳酸盐熟料产量总量控制,逐步降低熟料应用比例,加快建材市场熟料产品和非碳酸盐原料替代,降低高标号水泥使用比例。应大力推广水泥行业节能降耗增效技术,加快熟料落后产能淘汰。对熟料产量大、碳排放强度高的地区,应结合当地碳排放特点,实行差别化降碳策略。各大气污染防治重点区域应因地施策推进水泥行业减污降碳工作。 |
| 英文摘要: |
| From 2011 to 2021,the clinker output had a fluctuating upward trend. The overall operation of the cement industry was constantly improved,with an average scale from 4. 38×105 t to 1. 153×106 t for a single production line. The comprehensive energy consumption of clinker per unit product decreased by 14. 4%,the CO2 emission intensity decreased 6. 3%,while the the total CO2 emission increased by 13. 8%, which was in contrast with the trend of nitrogen oxide reduction. The total proportion of CO2 emissions from carbonate decomposition and coal combustion in clinker production is stable between 92. 9% and 93. 8%,which is the main source of CO 2 emissions in cement industry. Because of high clinker coefficient,insufficient substitution of non-carbonate raw materials and high comprehensive energy consumption,the CO2 emission intensity of 7 provinces with high clinker output, such as Anhui province,is higher than that of the whole country. It is suggested that the total output of carbonate clinker should be controlled,the proportion of clinker application should be reduced step by step, the replacement of clinker products and noncarbonate raw materials in building materials market should be accelerated,and the proportion of high-grade cement should be reduced. Energy-saving,efficiency-increasing and consumption-reducing technology should be energetically popularized, and the elimination of backward production capacity of clinker should be accelerated. In areas with high clinker output and high carbon emission intensity, differentiated carbon reduction strategies should be implemented according to local carbon emission characteristics. Key Regions for Air Pollution Prevention and Control should implement their own policies in accordance with local conditions to promote pollution and carbon reduction in cement industry. |
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