| 《地下水管理条例》实施后的金属指标检测样品采集及前处理规范性分析 |
| Study on the Normative Sampling and Pretreatment of Metals Test After the Implementation of the Regulations on Groundwater Management |
| 投稿时间：2022-03-30 修订日期：2022-05-25 |
| DOI：10.19316/j.issn.1002-6002.2023.04.23 |
| 中文关键词: 地下水 金属指标 采样 前处理 可溶态含量 总量 消解 |
| 英文关键词:groundwater metal index sampling pretreatment soluble content total content digest |
| 基金项目: |
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| 通讯作者:沈秀娥* 北京市生态环境监测中心, 北京 100048 |
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| 中文摘要: |
| 《地下水管理条例》自2021年12月1日起施行,但是由于《地下水质量标准》(GB/T 14848—2017)未明确其中的金属指标是检测可溶态含量还是总量,导致各检测机构在检测过程中的采样和前处理环节存在较多不确定之处。梳理了国内外地下水监测相关标准和规范,并进行了实验比对,经分析得出以下结论:铜、铅、锌、铁、锰的可溶态含量和总量检测结果存在明显差异,其中,铁和铅检测结果的差异最明显,铁和锰检测结果的差异会影响地下水质量类别判定。《地下水质量标准》中的金属指标应检测可溶态,包括汞、砷和硒。充分洗井后采集的地下水样品存在一定的浑浊度是合理的。完成采集的地下水金属指标检测样品中不应包含沉淀相。测定地下水可溶态汞、砷和硒时,如采用原子荧光法,则需对样品进行消解;如采用电感耦合等离子体质谱法,则无需对样品进行消解。在此基础上,对地下水采样及前处理关键环节和地下水检测管理工作提出了相关建议。 |
| 英文摘要: |
| The Regulation on Groundwater Management has been implemented since December 1,2021.As it is not clearly stated in the Standard for Groundwater Quality (GB/T 14848-2017) that metals index should be tested for its soluble content or for total content,there are many inconsistent understandings in the compliance testing sampling and pretreatment of various monitoring agencies.In this study,domestic and foreign standards and specifications on groundwater monitoring were reviewed and the relevant comparison experiments were conducted.Results varied on soluble content and total content for copper,lead,zinc,iron and manganese of the five metals index,iron and lead displayed the most obvious differences,and tests on iron and manganese could affect the determination of groundwater quality category.It was concluded that soluble content should be test for sample metals stated in Standard for Groundwater Quality including mercury,arsenic and selenium and it was reasonable to have turbidity in groundwater samples collected after well washing.Samples for determination of metals in groundwater should not be sedimentary phase.And samples for the determination of soluble state mercury,arsenic and selenium in groundwater by AFS should be digested,while those by ICP-MS should not.As a result, suggestions were put forward for key aspects of groundwater sampling and pre-treatment and groundwater testing management. |
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